<< How do you suppose problem 8 was intended to read? I think the constant 2007 should be 2207, like all the terms in that positiion. 2207 = ((1+sqrt(5))/2)^8, so that should help. You get: x^8 + x^(-8) = (1+sqrt(5))^8 which is easily solved as a quadratic in y = x^8. But it feels as though the answer can be greatly simplified. --Dan _____________________________________________________________________ "It don't mean a thing if it ain't got that certain je ne sais quoi." --Peter Schickele