----- Original Message ---- From: James Propp <jpropp@cs.uml.edu> To: math-fun@mailman.xmission.com Sent: Thursday, October 25, 2007 1:20:28 PM Subject: [math-fun] radio math I've been invited to speak on a college morning radio program next week, on the topic of mathematical proof and infinity. It'll be a conversation with two interviewers (no call-ins). I have no experience with this kind of public speaking, but when the opportunity came my way, it seemed like it might be a fun thing to try. I asked the producer what sort of people listen to the show, and he replied
Audience is primarily adults both UML staff and faculty as well as residents of the Merrimack Valley.
The show seems to appeal to people with an interest in a variety of subjects and in "bright" conversations.
Anyone out there have any suggestions for interesting analogies, points worth making, etc.? When I try to walk through a conversation about infinity in my mind with non-mathematicians, it usually doesn't go very well. There are a lot of ways an intelligent and well-educated person is likely to misunderstand the mathematical enterprise of making up rules about infinity and seeing where they lead us. In fact, the more intelligent a layperson is, the more objections he or she is likely to have to the very first steps of trying to talk about infinity as a well-defined mathematical notion! (To give just one example of how my inner conversations go awry: If I try to prove that the number of whole numbers has the same size as the number of perfect squares, people are apt to notice and fixate on the fact that one of the sets is a subset of the other, and so "must" be smaller. And even if I can convey the idea that we're using a new notion of measuring size, based on pairing elements, and that we have to relinquish all our intuitions that are based on finite sets until we can justify them in the new setting as consequences of our definition, the fact that the perfect squares have dual citizenship as both whole numbers and perfect squares makes the idea of the pairing confusing.) Note that you can't draw pictures over the radio, so you can't make a table showing a one-to-one correspondence between two infinite sets. Part of what I'm missing is a kit of good strategy for evading common pedagogical problems by cleverly choosing a plan of approach that prevents the issue from arising in the first place. For instance, if I use the Hilbert hotel picture, and talk about moving the person in room n to room n^2, then I can argue that there are just as many *rooms* of one kind as the other because the two sets can accomodate the same set of *people*, and the whole "dual-citizenship" thing doesn't arise. (I'm pretty good at solving pedagogical problems like this, but usually not in real time! Maybe the only way to get good at talking about math on the radio is to get lots of practice and make lots of mistakes; kind of like the way to get good at doing math...) I also feel that part of what I'm missing is a sales-pitch for a whole style of thought, namely "The Mind at Play", and good, friendly ways of encouraging people to relax, try out ideas, and not be afraid of being wrong. Also: Are there any books in particular that you think I should plug ("If you enjoyed listening to this conversation, then you should read X")? Jim _______________________________________________ 1. You won't have time to cover two topics, i.e. both proofs and infinity, so arrange with the interviewers which one they will start with. My guess is that infinity is the easier of the two. There is so much that can be discussed: the countable and uncountable cardinals, Cantor diagonalization, the ordinals, the asymptotic infinity as in "let x approach infinity". 2. You can't practice within your own head; you must try it out in advance with several typical people. Try to explain the different infinities, see where they get hung up, and modify the explanation until it flows well. 3. I first learned, while still in elementary school, about the countable and uncountable from George Gamow's "One, Two, Three, Infinity". Gamow gave the diagonalization proof that the real numbers are uncountable, and I understood it readily. You could have a look at that book and see if it's helpful. Gamow calls the cardinality of the reals aleph-1; years later I learned that this is not correct, but that mistake is no big deal. That same book was also my first exposure to imaginary numbers, and that might also be a suitable topic for discussion. 4. If you're trying to demonstrate the countability of the rationals, the hard part is embedding the rationals into the integers. Here's a clever trick that I saw somewhere. Write a rational number as a character string as for example "123/456". Now think of "/" as a digit and the character string as a base-11 integer. The same character string trick can show the countability of polynomials with integer (or rational) coefficients, and even polynomials in several variables, and even countably many variables. Likewise, there are only countably many algebraic numbers, or computable numbers. Gene __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com