I think it's entirely standard in math
written in English *not* to ever use
the word "between" when its meaning
might be unclear.
 
Rather, it's phrased as either
"strictly between x and y" or
"between x and y, inclusive"
(or "from x to y, inclusive").
 
(For the interval including, say,
x but not y, you're on your own.)
 
--Dan