I've been asked to forward the following email to you guys in the hope that someone will help Javier with his quest for knowledge! In the meantime.... Keep Werking John www.keepwerking.co.uk Original email sent to me...... My name is Javier, originally from Switzerland, but i've been in London for some time... I was wondering if you have any references of the use of a vocoder by other German groups in the early seventies. As far as I know, it first appears on Ananas Symphonie. But maybe other groups used it before...Basically I am trying to find out who's been "messing around" with vocoders in that period, since Werner Meyer-Eppler, from the NWDR ,also experimented with similar devices in the fifties,but surely someone (in Germany, I mean) must have done something before Kraftwerk.... If you know the answer to that please let me know, Thanks for your help J. Aregger Please direct responses to Javier at aregger1@hotmail.com of course if there is relevant info for the rest of us post to the list as well ;o)